我在生態圈二號的生活（中文
借鏡生態圈經驗，看人類對地球的影響
科學家Jane Poynter在1991年時，與其他八人，獲選進入「生態圈二號」入住二年，除了過著自食其力的生活，一切物質都自行循環回收，科學界認為這個環境危險又低氧，但他們成功了。Janet Poynter 利用自己在生態圈二號生活的例子，告訴大家，自己的一點小行為也會對地球造成嚴重的破壞
Friday, June 04, 2010
Robin Chase on Zipcar and her next big idea
About this talk
Robin Chase founded Zipcar, the world’s biggest car-sharing business. That was one of her smaller ideas. Here she travels much farther, contemplating road-pricing schemes that will shake up our driving habits and a mesh network vast as the Interstate.
So I'm going to talk about two stories today. One is how we need to use market-based pricing to affect demand and use wireless technologies to dramatically reduce our emissions in the transportation sector. And the other is that there is an incredible opportunity, if we choose the right wireless technologies, how we can generate a new engine for economic growth and dramatically reduce C02 in the other sectors.
I'm really scared. We need to reduce C02 emissions in ten to fifteen years by 80 percent in order to avert catastrophic effects. And I'm astounded that I'm standing here to tell you that. What are catastrophic effects? A three-degree centigrade climate change rise that will result in 50 percent species extinction. It's not a movie. This is real life. And I'm really worried, because when people talk about cars -- which I know something about -- the press, and politicians, and people in this room are all thinking, "Let's use fuel-efficient cars." If we started today, 10 years from now, at the end of this window of opportunity, those fuel-efficient cars will reduce our fossil fuel needs by four percent. That is not enough.
But now I'll talk about some more pleasant things. Here are some ways that we can make some dramatic changes. So ZipCar is a company that I founded seven years ago, but it's an example of something called carsharing. What ZipCar does is we park cars throughout dense urban areas for members to reserve by the hour and by the day, instead of using their own car. How does it feel to be a person using a ZipCar? It means that I pay only for what I need. All these hours for a car sitting idle, I'm not paying for it. It means that I can choose a car exactly for that particular trip. So here's a woman that reserved MiniMia, and she had her day. I can take a BMW when I'm seeing clients. I can drive my Toyota Element when I'm going to go on that surfing trip.
And the other remarkable thing is that I think it's the highest status of car ownership. Not only do I have a fleet of cars available to me in seven cities around the world that I can have at my beck and call, but heaven forbid that I would ever maintain or deal with the repair or have anything to do with it. It's like the car that you always wanted, that your mom said that you couldn't have. I get all the good stuff and none of the bad.
So what is the social result of this? The social result is that today's ZipCar has 100,000 members driving 3,000 cars parked in 3,000 parking spaces. Instead of driving 12,000 miles a year, which is what the average city dweller does, they drive 500 miles a year. Are they happy? The company has been doubling in size every since I founded it, or greater. People adore the company and it's better, you know? They like it. So how is it that people went from the 12,000 miles a year to 500 miles? It's because they said, it's 8 to 10 dollars an hour and 65 dollars a day. If I'm going to go buy some ice cream, do I really want to spend 8 dollars to go buy the ice cream? Or maybe I'll do without? Maybe I would have bought the ice cream when I did some other errand. So people really respond very quickly to it, to prices.
And the last point I want to make is, ZipCar would never be possible without technology. It required that it was completely trivial, that it takes 30 seconds to rent -- to reserve a car, go get it, drive it. And for me, as a service provider, I would never be able to provide you a car for an hour if the transaction cost was anything. So without these wireless technologies, this as a concept could never happen.
So here's another example. This company is GoLoco. I'm launching it in three weeks. And I hope to do for ridesharing what I did for carsharing. This will apply for people across all of America. Today 75 percent of the trips are single-occupancy vehicles. Yet 12 percent of trips to work are currently carpool. And I think that we can apply social networks and online-payment systems to completely change how people feel about ridesharing and make that trip much more efficient.
And so when I think about the future, people will be thinking that sharing the ride with someone is this incredibly great social event out of their day. You know, how did you get to TED? You went with other TEDsters. How fabulous. Why would you ever want to go by yourself in your own car? How did you go food shopping? You went with your neighbor, what a great social time. You know it's going to really transform how we feel about travel. And it will also, I think, enhance our freedom of mobility. Where can I go today and who can I do it with? Those are the types of things that you will look at and feel.
And the social benefits. The rate of single-occupancy vehicles is, I told you, 75 percent; I think we can get that down to 50 percent. The demand for parking, of course, is down, congestion, and the CO2 emissions. One last piece about this, of course, is that it is enabled by wireless technologies. And it's the cost of driving that's making people want to be able to do this. The average American spends 19 percent of their income on their car. And there's a pressure for them to reduce that cost, yet they have no outlet today.
So the last example of this is congestion pricing, very famously done in London, when you charge a premium for people to drive on congested roads. In London, the day they turned the congestion pricing on, there was a 25 percent decrease in congestion overnight. And that's persisted for the four years in which they've been doing congestion pricing. And again, do people like the outcome? Ken Livingston was reelected. So again, we can see that price plays an enormous role in peoples' willingness to reduce their driving behavior. We've tripled the miles we drive since 1970 and doubled them since 1982. There's a huge slack in that system. With the right pricing we can undo that.
Congestion pricing is being discussed in every major city around the world and is -- again -- wirelessly enabled. You weren't going to put tollbooths around the city of London and open and shut those gates. And what congestion pricing is, is that it's a technology trial and a psychological trial for something called road pricing. And road pricing is where we're all going to have to go. Because today we pay for our maintenance and wear and tear on our roads with gas taxes. And as we get our cars more fuel-efficient, that's going to be reducing the amount of revenue you get off of those gas taxes, so we need to charge people by the mile that they drive. Whatever happens with congestion pricing is that those technologies will be happening with road pricing.
Why do we travel too much? Car traveling is underpriced and therefore over-consumed. We need to put this better market feedback. And if we have it, you'll decide how many miles to drive, what mode of travel, where to live and work. And wireless technologies make this real-time loop possible.
So I want to move now to the second part of my story, which is, when are we going to start doing this congestion pricing? Road pricing is coming. When are we going to do it? Are we going to wait ten to 15 years for this to happen? Or are we going to finally have this political will to make it happen in the next two years? Because I'm going to say, that's going to be the tool to turn our usage overnight.
And what kind of wireless technology are we going to use? This is my big vision. There is a tool that can help us bridge the digital divide, respond to emergencies, get traffic moving, provide a new engine for economic growth and dramatically reduce CO2 emissions in every sector. And this is a moment from "The Graduate." Do you remember this moment? You guys are going to be the handsome young guy, and I'm going to be the wise businessman. "I want to say one word to you, just one word." "Yes, sir?" "Are you listening?" "Yes I am." "Ad-hoc peer-to-peer self-configuring wireless networks." (Laughter) These are also called mesh networks. And in a mesh, every device contributes to, and expands, the network, and I think you might have heard a little bit about it before.
I'm going to give you some examples. You'll be hearing later today from Alan Kay. These laptops, when a child opens them up, they communicate with every single child in the classroom, within that school, within that village. And what is the cost of that communication system? Zero dollars a month. Here's another example. In New Orleans, video cameras were mesh-enabled so they could monitor crime in the downtown French Quarter. When the hurricane happened, the only communication system standing was the mesh network. Volunteers flew in and added a whole bunch of devices. And for the next 12 months, mesh networks were the only wireless that was happening in New Orleans.
Another example is in Portsmouth, UK. They mesh-enabled 300 buses. And they can speak to these smart terminals you can look at the terminal and be able to see precisely where your bus is on the street, and when it's coming, and you can buy your tickets in real time. Again, all mesh-enabled. Monthly communication cost: zero. So the beauty of mesh networks: You can have these very low-cost devices. Zero ongoing communication costs. Highly scalable. You can just keep adding them, and as in Katrina, you can keep subtracting them; as long as there's some, we can still communicate. They're resilient. Their redundancy is built into this fabulous decentralized design.
What are the incredible weaknesses? There isn't anybody in Washington lobbying to make it happen, or in those municipalities, to build out their cities with these wireless networks, because there's zero ongoing communications cost. So the examples that I gave you are these islands of mesh networks, and networks are interesting only as they are big.
How do we create a big network? Are you guys ready again -- "The Graduate"? This time you will still play the handsome young thing, but I'll be the sexy woman. These are the next two lines in the movie. "Where did you do it?" "In his car." So you know, when you stick this idea -- (Laughter) -- where would we expect me, Robin Chase, to be thinking is, imagine if we were to put a mesh-network device in every single car acrosss America. We could have a coast-to-coast free wireless communication system. I guess I just want you to think about that.
And why's this going to happen? Because we're going to do congestion pricing; we are going to do road tolls; gas taxes are going to become road pricing. These things are going to happen. What is the wireless technology we're going to use? Maybe we should use a good one. When are we going to do it? Maybe we shouldn't wait for the ten to 15 years for this to happen. We should pull it forward.
So I'd like us to launch the wireless Internet interstate wireless mesh system. And require that this network be accessible to everyone, with open standards. Right now in the transportation sector, we're creating these wireless devices. I guess you guys might have FastPass here, or EasyLane, that are single-purpose devices in these closed networks. What is the point? We're transferring just, like, a few little data bits when we're doing road controlling, road pricing. We have this incredible excess capacity. So we can provide the lowest-cost means of going wireless coast-to-coast. We can have resilient nationwide communication systems. We have a new tool for creating efficiencies in all sectors. Imagine what happens when the cost of getting information from anywhere to anywhere is close to zero. What you can do with that tool. We can create an economic engine. Information should be free, and access to information should be free, and we should be charging people for carbon.
I think this is a more powerful tool than the Interstate Highway Act, and I think this is as important and world-changing to our economy as electrification. And if I had my druthers, we would have an open-source version in addition to open standards. And this open-source version means that it could be -- if we did a brilliant job of it -- it could be used around the world very quickly. So going back to one of my earlier thoughts. Imagine if every one of these buses in Lagos were part of the mesh network. When I went this morning to Larry Brilliant's TEDTalk prize -- his fabulous networks -- imagine if there was an open-source mesh communications device that can be put into these networks, to make all that happen. And we can be doing it, if we could get over the fact that someone is -- with this little slice of things is going to be for free, and we could make billions of dollars on top of it. But this one particular slice of communications needs to be open source.
So let's take control of this nightmare. Implement a gas tax immediately. Transition across the nation to road-tolling with this wireless mesh. Require that the mesh be open to all, with open standards. And of course use mesh networks. Thank you. (Applause)
Robin Chase founded Zipcar, the world’s biggest car-sharing business. That was one of her smaller ideas. Here she travels much farther, contemplating road-pricing schemes that will shake up our driving habits and a mesh network vast as the Interstate.
So I'm going to talk about two stories today. One is how we need to use market-based pricing to affect demand and use wireless technologies to dramatically reduce our emissions in the transportation sector. And the other is that there is an incredible opportunity, if we choose the right wireless technologies, how we can generate a new engine for economic growth and dramatically reduce C02 in the other sectors.
I'm really scared. We need to reduce C02 emissions in ten to fifteen years by 80 percent in order to avert catastrophic effects. And I'm astounded that I'm standing here to tell you that. What are catastrophic effects? A three-degree centigrade climate change rise that will result in 50 percent species extinction. It's not a movie. This is real life. And I'm really worried, because when people talk about cars -- which I know something about -- the press, and politicians, and people in this room are all thinking, "Let's use fuel-efficient cars." If we started today, 10 years from now, at the end of this window of opportunity, those fuel-efficient cars will reduce our fossil fuel needs by four percent. That is not enough.
But now I'll talk about some more pleasant things. Here are some ways that we can make some dramatic changes. So ZipCar is a company that I founded seven years ago, but it's an example of something called carsharing. What ZipCar does is we park cars throughout dense urban areas for members to reserve by the hour and by the day, instead of using their own car. How does it feel to be a person using a ZipCar? It means that I pay only for what I need. All these hours for a car sitting idle, I'm not paying for it. It means that I can choose a car exactly for that particular trip. So here's a woman that reserved MiniMia, and she had her day. I can take a BMW when I'm seeing clients. I can drive my Toyota Element when I'm going to go on that surfing trip.
And the other remarkable thing is that I think it's the highest status of car ownership. Not only do I have a fleet of cars available to me in seven cities around the world that I can have at my beck and call, but heaven forbid that I would ever maintain or deal with the repair or have anything to do with it. It's like the car that you always wanted, that your mom said that you couldn't have. I get all the good stuff and none of the bad.
So what is the social result of this? The social result is that today's ZipCar has 100,000 members driving 3,000 cars parked in 3,000 parking spaces. Instead of driving 12,000 miles a year, which is what the average city dweller does, they drive 500 miles a year. Are they happy? The company has been doubling in size every since I founded it, or greater. People adore the company and it's better, you know? They like it. So how is it that people went from the 12,000 miles a year to 500 miles? It's because they said, it's 8 to 10 dollars an hour and 65 dollars a day. If I'm going to go buy some ice cream, do I really want to spend 8 dollars to go buy the ice cream? Or maybe I'll do without? Maybe I would have bought the ice cream when I did some other errand. So people really respond very quickly to it, to prices.
And the last point I want to make is, ZipCar would never be possible without technology. It required that it was completely trivial, that it takes 30 seconds to rent -- to reserve a car, go get it, drive it. And for me, as a service provider, I would never be able to provide you a car for an hour if the transaction cost was anything. So without these wireless technologies, this as a concept could never happen.
So here's another example. This company is GoLoco. I'm launching it in three weeks. And I hope to do for ridesharing what I did for carsharing. This will apply for people across all of America. Today 75 percent of the trips are single-occupancy vehicles. Yet 12 percent of trips to work are currently carpool. And I think that we can apply social networks and online-payment systems to completely change how people feel about ridesharing and make that trip much more efficient.
And so when I think about the future, people will be thinking that sharing the ride with someone is this incredibly great social event out of their day. You know, how did you get to TED? You went with other TEDsters. How fabulous. Why would you ever want to go by yourself in your own car? How did you go food shopping? You went with your neighbor, what a great social time. You know it's going to really transform how we feel about travel. And it will also, I think, enhance our freedom of mobility. Where can I go today and who can I do it with? Those are the types of things that you will look at and feel.
And the social benefits. The rate of single-occupancy vehicles is, I told you, 75 percent; I think we can get that down to 50 percent. The demand for parking, of course, is down, congestion, and the CO2 emissions. One last piece about this, of course, is that it is enabled by wireless technologies. And it's the cost of driving that's making people want to be able to do this. The average American spends 19 percent of their income on their car. And there's a pressure for them to reduce that cost, yet they have no outlet today.
So the last example of this is congestion pricing, very famously done in London, when you charge a premium for people to drive on congested roads. In London, the day they turned the congestion pricing on, there was a 25 percent decrease in congestion overnight. And that's persisted for the four years in which they've been doing congestion pricing. And again, do people like the outcome? Ken Livingston was reelected. So again, we can see that price plays an enormous role in peoples' willingness to reduce their driving behavior. We've tripled the miles we drive since 1970 and doubled them since 1982. There's a huge slack in that system. With the right pricing we can undo that.
Congestion pricing is being discussed in every major city around the world and is -- again -- wirelessly enabled. You weren't going to put tollbooths around the city of London and open and shut those gates. And what congestion pricing is, is that it's a technology trial and a psychological trial for something called road pricing. And road pricing is where we're all going to have to go. Because today we pay for our maintenance and wear and tear on our roads with gas taxes. And as we get our cars more fuel-efficient, that's going to be reducing the amount of revenue you get off of those gas taxes, so we need to charge people by the mile that they drive. Whatever happens with congestion pricing is that those technologies will be happening with road pricing.
Why do we travel too much? Car traveling is underpriced and therefore over-consumed. We need to put this better market feedback. And if we have it, you'll decide how many miles to drive, what mode of travel, where to live and work. And wireless technologies make this real-time loop possible.
So I want to move now to the second part of my story, which is, when are we going to start doing this congestion pricing? Road pricing is coming. When are we going to do it? Are we going to wait ten to 15 years for this to happen? Or are we going to finally have this political will to make it happen in the next two years? Because I'm going to say, that's going to be the tool to turn our usage overnight.
And what kind of wireless technology are we going to use? This is my big vision. There is a tool that can help us bridge the digital divide, respond to emergencies, get traffic moving, provide a new engine for economic growth and dramatically reduce CO2 emissions in every sector. And this is a moment from "The Graduate." Do you remember this moment? You guys are going to be the handsome young guy, and I'm going to be the wise businessman. "I want to say one word to you, just one word." "Yes, sir?" "Are you listening?" "Yes I am." "Ad-hoc peer-to-peer self-configuring wireless networks." (Laughter) These are also called mesh networks. And in a mesh, every device contributes to, and expands, the network, and I think you might have heard a little bit about it before.
I'm going to give you some examples. You'll be hearing later today from Alan Kay. These laptops, when a child opens them up, they communicate with every single child in the classroom, within that school, within that village. And what is the cost of that communication system? Zero dollars a month. Here's another example. In New Orleans, video cameras were mesh-enabled so they could monitor crime in the downtown French Quarter. When the hurricane happened, the only communication system standing was the mesh network. Volunteers flew in and added a whole bunch of devices. And for the next 12 months, mesh networks were the only wireless that was happening in New Orleans.
Another example is in Portsmouth, UK. They mesh-enabled 300 buses. And they can speak to these smart terminals you can look at the terminal and be able to see precisely where your bus is on the street, and when it's coming, and you can buy your tickets in real time. Again, all mesh-enabled. Monthly communication cost: zero. So the beauty of mesh networks: You can have these very low-cost devices. Zero ongoing communication costs. Highly scalable. You can just keep adding them, and as in Katrina, you can keep subtracting them; as long as there's some, we can still communicate. They're resilient. Their redundancy is built into this fabulous decentralized design.
What are the incredible weaknesses? There isn't anybody in Washington lobbying to make it happen, or in those municipalities, to build out their cities with these wireless networks, because there's zero ongoing communications cost. So the examples that I gave you are these islands of mesh networks, and networks are interesting only as they are big.
How do we create a big network? Are you guys ready again -- "The Graduate"? This time you will still play the handsome young thing, but I'll be the sexy woman. These are the next two lines in the movie. "Where did you do it?" "In his car." So you know, when you stick this idea -- (Laughter) -- where would we expect me, Robin Chase, to be thinking is, imagine if we were to put a mesh-network device in every single car acrosss America. We could have a coast-to-coast free wireless communication system. I guess I just want you to think about that.
And why's this going to happen? Because we're going to do congestion pricing; we are going to do road tolls; gas taxes are going to become road pricing. These things are going to happen. What is the wireless technology we're going to use? Maybe we should use a good one. When are we going to do it? Maybe we shouldn't wait for the ten to 15 years for this to happen. We should pull it forward.
So I'd like us to launch the wireless Internet interstate wireless mesh system. And require that this network be accessible to everyone, with open standards. Right now in the transportation sector, we're creating these wireless devices. I guess you guys might have FastPass here, or EasyLane, that are single-purpose devices in these closed networks. What is the point? We're transferring just, like, a few little data bits when we're doing road controlling, road pricing. We have this incredible excess capacity. So we can provide the lowest-cost means of going wireless coast-to-coast. We can have resilient nationwide communication systems. We have a new tool for creating efficiencies in all sectors. Imagine what happens when the cost of getting information from anywhere to anywhere is close to zero. What you can do with that tool. We can create an economic engine. Information should be free, and access to information should be free, and we should be charging people for carbon.
I think this is a more powerful tool than the Interstate Highway Act, and I think this is as important and world-changing to our economy as electrification. And if I had my druthers, we would have an open-source version in addition to open standards. And this open-source version means that it could be -- if we did a brilliant job of it -- it could be used around the world very quickly. So going back to one of my earlier thoughts. Imagine if every one of these buses in Lagos were part of the mesh network. When I went this morning to Larry Brilliant's TEDTalk prize -- his fabulous networks -- imagine if there was an open-source mesh communications device that can be put into these networks, to make all that happen. And we can be doing it, if we could get over the fact that someone is -- with this little slice of things is going to be for free, and we could make billions of dollars on top of it. But this one particular slice of communications needs to be open source.
So let's take control of this nightmare. Implement a gas tax immediately. Transition across the nation to road-tolling with this wireless mesh. Require that the mesh be open to all, with open standards. And of course use mesh networks. Thank you. (Applause)
世界會轉變或崩解（中文）
世界會轉變或崩解（中文）
http://www.ericsson.com/campaign/20about2020/
人類社會的過度開發，到底讓地球怎麼了？
澳洲ANU大學教授Will Steffen從社會即將轉變或崩解的角度出發，省思人類社會的過度發展，給這地球帶來相當大的衝擊。饑荒不見得是對地球是壞事，反而有機會看見新機會，讓地球好好轉變。
http://www.ericsson.com/campaign/20about2020/
人類社會的過度開發，到底讓地球怎麼了？
澳洲ANU大學教授Will Steffen從社會即將轉變或崩解的角度出發，省思人類社會的過度發展，給這地球帶來相當大的衝擊。饑荒不見得是對地球是壞事，反而有機會看見新機會，讓地球好好轉變。
時間靜止的紐約車站
時間靜止的紐約車站
走在摩肩擦踵的紐約車站，一瞬之間，周圍的人全都不動了！時間靜止了？中了魔法了？還是我自己精神錯亂？
原來，是ImprovEverywhere的惡搞傑作。召集了兩百多個人湧進車站，並同時靜止不動，讓不知情的路人來ㄧ場驚愕的奇幻之旅。
概念雖然簡單，但要不著痕跡地同時控制這麼多人，可是需要精密的規劃與執行力呢！
走在摩肩擦踵的紐約車站，一瞬之間，周圍的人全都不動了！時間靜止了？中了魔法了？還是我自己精神錯亂？
原來，是ImprovEverywhere的惡搞傑作。召集了兩百多個人湧進車站，並同時靜止不動，讓不知情的路人來ㄧ場驚愕的奇幻之旅。
概念雖然簡單，但要不著痕跡地同時控制這麼多人，可是需要精密的規劃與執行力呢！
機器人爬上大峽谷
機器人爬上大峽谷
真正夠持久，不由得你不信。
能夠爬上大峽谷的機器人不是變形金剛，而是17公分高、130公克重的Evolta機器人。支持他的動力來源，竟只來自於兩顆小小的AA電池！
Evolta是Panasonic的新款鹼性電池。持久度比原本的產品高出1.3~2倍，號稱是世界上最持久的鹼性電池。而Evolta機器人類似於金頂兔，是為了展現產品特色而創造出來的代言角色。
其實，一般消費者對於電池耐久度的感覺並不強烈。「世上最持久」、「比原本產品高1.3倍」的訴求，並不會有人真的放在心上並大肆宣揚。然而創造一個「兩顆Evolta電池就能讓機器人爬上大峽谷」的Event就讓人印象特別深刻，而且不由得你不信。
如果你創造了一個好產品，請記得用簡單、具體、且出乎意料的方式來呈現，效果將會出奇的好。但是，前提是你要有個好產品才行。
延伸閱讀：
Evolta小遊戲網站
真正夠持久，不由得你不信。
能夠爬上大峽谷的機器人不是變形金剛，而是17公分高、130公克重的Evolta機器人。支持他的動力來源，竟只來自於兩顆小小的AA電池！
Evolta是Panasonic的新款鹼性電池。持久度比原本的產品高出1.3~2倍，號稱是世界上最持久的鹼性電池。而Evolta機器人類似於金頂兔，是為了展現產品特色而創造出來的代言角色。
其實，一般消費者對於電池耐久度的感覺並不強烈。「世上最持久」、「比原本產品高1.3倍」的訴求，並不會有人真的放在心上並大肆宣揚。然而創造一個「兩顆Evolta電池就能讓機器人爬上大峽谷」的Event就讓人印象特別深刻，而且不由得你不信。
如果你創造了一個好產品，請記得用簡單、具體、且出乎意料的方式來呈現，效果將會出奇的好。但是，前提是你要有個好產品才行。
延伸閱讀：
Evolta小遊戲網站
未來建築的想像
未來建築的想像
從電影《星際大戰》裡，由超高大樓所組成的城市便可一窺端倪，各種奇形怪狀的華麗建築，因工程技術的進步都可以跳出草圖實際建造出來。
而且不僅是建築主體本身，更將融合科技、生態與能源為一體的新世紀建築特色，更是最能發揮造型美感的時代。
【未來建築的想像】 其他相關主題
‧ 未來房屋基本要求 節能零碳
‧ X-Seed 4000 日本大洋城
‧ 我家門前是大海 後面有海溝
‧ LILYPAD 未來浮動生態城
‧ 建築像月亮 初一十五不一樣
‧ 未來舊金山的Hydro-Net
‧ 關鍵字：零碳綠建築
從電影《星際大戰》裡，由超高大樓所組成的城市便可一窺端倪，各種奇形怪狀的華麗建築，因工程技術的進步都可以跳出草圖實際建造出來。
而且不僅是建築主體本身，更將融合科技、生態與能源為一體的新世紀建築特色，更是最能發揮造型美感的時代。
【未來建築的想像】 其他相關主題
‧ 未來房屋基本要求 節能零碳
‧ X-Seed 4000 日本大洋城
‧ 我家門前是大海 後面有海溝
‧ LILYPAD 未來浮動生態城
‧ 建築像月亮 初一十五不一樣
‧ 未來舊金山的Hydro-Net
‧ 關鍵字：零碳綠建築
小壽司，大文化
小壽司，大文化
說壽司 （すし）是日本文化的代表大概不會有人反對。不過，吃歸吃，大概很少人瞭解日本傳統壽司店的文化...
醬油該怎麼沾？酸薑有什麼作用？什麼是壽司上桌的關鍵十秒?為什麼門口要擺一盤鹽？如何展現吃壽司的禮儀？品嚐壽司有許多「正確」的方法，你做對了嗎？
從小小的壽司，可以看到日本文化精緻的一面、武士道精神、甚至壽司師父熱血壽司魂的延伸。吃壽司可不只是一頓晚餐，更是師傅與顧客之間品味的對話。
忙碌的台灣人，做什麼都講求速度、效率，壽司、咖啡、牛排都可以速食外帶。忙碌之餘，讓我們偶爾花點心思，找家特色小店，細細品嚐料理內的靈魂，吃出屬於我們的台灣文化吧！
說壽司 （すし）是日本文化的代表大概不會有人反對。不過，吃歸吃，大概很少人瞭解日本傳統壽司店的文化...
醬油該怎麼沾？酸薑有什麼作用？什麼是壽司上桌的關鍵十秒?為什麼門口要擺一盤鹽？如何展現吃壽司的禮儀？品嚐壽司有許多「正確」的方法，你做對了嗎？
從小小的壽司，可以看到日本文化精緻的一面、武士道精神、甚至壽司師父熱血壽司魂的延伸。吃壽司可不只是一頓晚餐，更是師傅與顧客之間品味的對話。
忙碌的台灣人，做什麼都講求速度、效率，壽司、咖啡、牛排都可以速食外帶。忙碌之餘，讓我們偶爾花點心思，找家特色小店，細細品嚐料理內的靈魂，吃出屬於我們的台灣文化吧！
最年輕的風力能源發明家
最年輕的風力能源發明家
威廉．卡瓦汪巴(William Kamkwamba)14歲時，在圖書館看到書上資料，以ㄧ己之力，用簡易工具和廢棄物(如壞掉的自行車)，為全家蓋了一個風力發電機，讓他們成為村裡唯一有電的人家，其電力足以點亮4盞燈和2個收音機。
非洲馬拉威(Malawi)的威廉．卡瓦汪巴(William Kamkwamba)現在19歲，在這段4分半的影片中，他表示目前最大的願望是，蓋一座更大的風力發電機，讓全村的人都有電可用。出現在TED之後，TED社群正協力幫他完成夢想，並返回學校讀書。
威廉．卡瓦汪巴(William Kamkwamba)14歲時，在圖書館看到書上資料，以ㄧ己之力，用簡易工具和廢棄物(如壞掉的自行車)，為全家蓋了一個風力發電機，讓他們成為村裡唯一有電的人家，其電力足以點亮4盞燈和2個收音機。
非洲馬拉威(Malawi)的威廉．卡瓦汪巴(William Kamkwamba)現在19歲，在這段4分半的影片中，他表示目前最大的願望是，蓋一座更大的風力發電機，讓全村的人都有電可用。出現在TED之後，TED社群正協力幫他完成夢想，並返回學校讀書。
美國綠旅館
美國綠旅館
不僅維持原本的服務品質，背後也達到了節能減碳的目的。
Proximity Hotel Greensboro，NC是首間獲得U.S. Green Council頒發LEED Platinum Certification的綠色旅館。這綠色旅館的客人服務與以往高級飯店無異，但背後卻省下極大的能源，達到環保節能的最大功效
不僅維持原本的服務品質，背後也達到了節能減碳的目的。
Proximity Hotel Greensboro，NC是首間獲得U.S. Green Council頒發LEED Platinum Certification的綠色旅館。這綠色旅館的客人服務與以往高級飯店無異，但背後卻省下極大的能源，達到環保節能的最大功效
科技史詩（中文）
科技史詩（中文）
Kevin Kelly是前WIRED雜誌的編輯長，也是Whole Earth Review刊物的出版人，他這篇發人深省的演說，以說故事的方法，闡述「科技」從遠古至今，從人到宇宙，科技帶來的衝擊。
Kevin Kelly是前WIRED雜誌的編輯長，也是Whole Earth Review刊物的出版人，他這篇發人深省的演說，以說故事的方法，闡述「科技」從遠古至今，從人到宇宙，科技帶來的衝擊。
未來五千天的食衣設計
未來五千天的食衣設計
「人文、文化與設計思考」第五堂(2010.04.28)
1)
回顧1930年，人們預測公元二千年的服裝，如今看來，幾乎是過時甚至有些可笑的，因此，當預測未來時，必需先明瞭，「趨勢可以預測，但形式很難」，我們 從過去到現今的發展，做為脈絡及方向感，引領著走向未來。此段影片分享英國教授Dr.Adrian Bowyer的「自行複製，是趨勢」的影片，Adrian Bowyer一直在思考，人造的物品，為何不能仿照生物可以自行複製？
2)
本段分享TED.COM當中，名廚師Dan Barber的無養殖漁場概念，他的講題為「愛上一條魚」，是一個過去許多人未曾有的想法，當人們養殖，就會想盡各種方式，大量繁殖，即使破壞大環境也在所不惜，Danbarber的演講裡，闡述了一個新概念：打造一個健康的自然生態，讓生物活在未破壞前的環境裡，它們將會長得更健康。這是一個未來農場的 趨勢。當我們想到「食」時，食物如何來？是重要的步驟，有健康的食物來源，才有健康的身體，也才有健康的大環境。
3)
從IDEO公司對未來的想像當中，讓我們提前預想未來的食物趨勢：「少肉」（以蛋白質夾心肉品取代）。畢竟，當能源愈貴，畜牧業成本也將愈高，人們的生活方式勢將改變。此外，本段也分享廚具革新的趨勢，EKOKOOK的環保廚具，讓人們在處理食物時，可以順手做環保，將「回收」化為生活中的一部份，無形之中，將會大幅降低垃圾的產生
4)
本段課程，首先播放Jonathan Drori的演講「儲存十億種子的原因」。本段分享的概念是：「拯救滅種植物是趨勢」。工業革命後，人類的生活方式，大量改變了地球生態，再不保存植物，將會大大影響生態圈的平衡。此段後半為「衣服」的趨勢 預測，先介紹Livity Outernational公司，他們在衣物製造產業當中，訴求以公平交易為原則，以永續發展為導向，從大自然到使用客戶到生產者，一連串的行為，都是在不剝削和破壞的情形下相互連繫。另一間Loopt works公司，倡導在有限資源的今日，將「廢棄物」，轉化為「需要物」。這些例子雖然都是現代公司，卻也是未來的思考。
5)
「少肉」、「廚具革新」、「拯救滅種植物」、「衣物原料革新」、「垃圾變黃金」是此堂課所提出來，對未來食與衣的想像。聽聽東海大學的學生們，對於此堂課 的心得分享。
「人文、文化與設計思考」第五堂(2010.04.28)
1)
回顧1930年，人們預測公元二千年的服裝，如今看來，幾乎是過時甚至有些可笑的，因此，當預測未來時，必需先明瞭，「趨勢可以預測，但形式很難」，我們 從過去到現今的發展，做為脈絡及方向感，引領著走向未來。此段影片分享英國教授Dr.Adrian Bowyer的「自行複製，是趨勢」的影片，Adrian Bowyer一直在思考，人造的物品，為何不能仿照生物可以自行複製？
2)
本段分享TED.COM當中，名廚師Dan Barber的無養殖漁場概念，他的講題為「愛上一條魚」，是一個過去許多人未曾有的想法，當人們養殖，就會想盡各種方式，大量繁殖，即使破壞大環境也在所不惜，Danbarber的演講裡，闡述了一個新概念：打造一個健康的自然生態，讓生物活在未破壞前的環境裡，它們將會長得更健康。這是一個未來農場的 趨勢。當我們想到「食」時，食物如何來？是重要的步驟，有健康的食物來源，才有健康的身體，也才有健康的大環境。
3)
從IDEO公司對未來的想像當中，讓我們提前預想未來的食物趨勢：「少肉」（以蛋白質夾心肉品取代）。畢竟，當能源愈貴，畜牧業成本也將愈高，人們的生活方式勢將改變。此外，本段也分享廚具革新的趨勢，EKOKOOK的環保廚具，讓人們在處理食物時，可以順手做環保，將「回收」化為生活中的一部份，無形之中，將會大幅降低垃圾的產生
4)
本段課程，首先播放Jonathan Drori的演講「儲存十億種子的原因」。本段分享的概念是：「拯救滅種植物是趨勢」。工業革命後，人類的生活方式，大量改變了地球生態，再不保存植物，將會大大影響生態圈的平衡。此段後半為「衣服」的趨勢 預測，先介紹Livity Outernational公司，他們在衣物製造產業當中，訴求以公平交易為原則，以永續發展為導向，從大自然到使用客戶到生產者，一連串的行為，都是在不剝削和破壞的情形下相互連繫。另一間Loopt works公司，倡導在有限資源的今日，將「廢棄物」，轉化為「需要物」。這些例子雖然都是現代公司，卻也是未來的思考。
5)
「少肉」、「廚具革新」、「拯救滅種植物」、「衣物原料革新」、「垃圾變黃金」是此堂課所提出來，對未來食與衣的想像。聽聽東海大學的學生們，對於此堂課 的心得分享。
育與樂：未來五千天的預測
育與樂：未來五千天的預測
姚仁祿老師東海『人文、文化與設計思考』第七堂(2010.05.19)
1)
從愛因斯坦與迪士尼創辦人的Walt Disney的說的名言出發，帶出教育與娛樂的重要性。姚仁祿老師也以TED百人合唱演出影片，帶出未來設計是否有可能為一個人統籌，並與世界各地的人一同合作設計成一個好作品，這是設計未來得考量的重點之一
2)
遊戲過去給人不好的印象，但姚仁祿老師特別挑選一部TED新的影片，一位遊戲設計師，也是未來研究所的研究人員Jane McGonigal，以遊戲玩家是未來龐大的人力資源的角度出發，告訴大眾，透過玩遊戲也能解決世界的問題，更能改變世界。
3)
此段以工具演變出發，講解電視不在只是單純的電視，可能是一副隱形眼鏡，也可能以各種形式出現在生活周遭；姚仁祿老師更透過Petet Hirschberg的演講論點，來談從歷史來看媒體、科技與文化的未來。
4)
從娛樂到教育，姚仁祿老師先從科學教育如何與藝術教育結合談起，再談到大腦與意義的結合，透過一系列的趨勢影片，帶出教育從過去單向的指導，漸漸轉變為分享的時代，未來教育不只是單方面傳播，而是世界互相分享的時代
5)
教育與娛樂將成為Edutainment這個新詞，將教育與娛樂作個結合，進而成為學而時習之，不亦樂乎。課後姚仁祿老師也介紹Jane McGonigal與世界銀行合作開發的解決世界問題的遊戲，並與學生作進一步的討論。
姚仁祿老師東海『人文、文化與設計思考』第七堂(2010.05.19)
1)
從愛因斯坦與迪士尼創辦人的Walt Disney的說的名言出發，帶出教育與娛樂的重要性。姚仁祿老師也以TED百人合唱演出影片，帶出未來設計是否有可能為一個人統籌，並與世界各地的人一同合作設計成一個好作品，這是設計未來得考量的重點之一
2)
遊戲過去給人不好的印象，但姚仁祿老師特別挑選一部TED新的影片，一位遊戲設計師，也是未來研究所的研究人員Jane McGonigal，以遊戲玩家是未來龐大的人力資源的角度出發，告訴大眾，透過玩遊戲也能解決世界的問題，更能改變世界。
3)
此段以工具演變出發，講解電視不在只是單純的電視，可能是一副隱形眼鏡，也可能以各種形式出現在生活周遭；姚仁祿老師更透過Petet Hirschberg的演講論點，來談從歷史來看媒體、科技與文化的未來。
4)
從娛樂到教育，姚仁祿老師先從科學教育如何與藝術教育結合談起，再談到大腦與意義的結合，透過一系列的趨勢影片，帶出教育從過去單向的指導，漸漸轉變為分享的時代，未來教育不只是單方面傳播，而是世界互相分享的時代
5)
教育與娛樂將成為Edutainment這個新詞，將教育與娛樂作個結合，進而成為學而時習之，不亦樂乎。課後姚仁祿老師也介紹Jane McGonigal與世界銀行合作開發的解決世界問題的遊戲，並與學生作進一步的討論。
住與行：未來五千天的預測
姚仁祿老師東海『人文、文化與設計思考』第六堂(2010.05.05)
1)
從世博的展館出發，姚仁祿老師帶出未來人類生活的住與行將會產生哪些大變畫。並以Will Steffen教授在Ericsson 2020網站中提出的社會趨勢轉變影片：轉變與崩解存乎一心，帶出人類造成的影響將讓社會有多大改變；也以機器人專家Catherine Mohr的綠建築，帶出人們在蓋建築時從未想像到的節省能源的方式，描述建築能改變的重點。
2)
為了描述未來住宅的設計變化，姚仁祿老師以Living Tomorrow的住宅介紹影片，描述未來建築的走向與變化。並以Proximity Hotel的得到講求真正省能環保的LEED標章，講述這些節能環保的飯店，讓客人感受到很以往並無不同的高規格服務，但當中卻因為設計節省了非常多的資源。最後還提出住的新趨勢概念：主動+被動節能是趨勢
3)
此段以美國知名作家Stewart Brand四種爭議的趨勢為主軸，談人類是這地球真正的上帝，但人類卻沒做好自己上帝應該有的責任，闡述人類對地球造成多少影響。
4)
從住到行，姚仁祿老師以Zipcar的創辦人Robin Chase提到行的創新方式，透過手機衛星定位的方式，從買車到隨地可以租借到車的全新用車模式，帶出行不單只是汽車的改變，而是人類交通、用車習慣的一大改變。
5)
此段以三大重點談行的未來改變，新型交通號誌的問世；摹仿生物的小飛船交通工具，將可能是未來交通運輸的大改變；最後則是地圖從以前的平面、2D，甚至是3D，現在則可以利用全球網友的照片，建立起龐大的圖資地圖，甚至可以即時看見想找尋的地點情況。
1)
從世博的展館出發，姚仁祿老師帶出未來人類生活的住與行將會產生哪些大變畫。並以Will Steffen教授在Ericsson 2020網站中提出的社會趨勢轉變影片：轉變與崩解存乎一心，帶出人類造成的影響將讓社會有多大改變；也以機器人專家Catherine Mohr的綠建築，帶出人們在蓋建築時從未想像到的節省能源的方式，描述建築能改變的重點。
2)
為了描述未來住宅的設計變化，姚仁祿老師以Living Tomorrow的住宅介紹影片，描述未來建築的走向與變化。並以Proximity Hotel的得到講求真正省能環保的LEED標章，講述這些節能環保的飯店，讓客人感受到很以往並無不同的高規格服務，但當中卻因為設計節省了非常多的資源。最後還提出住的新趨勢概念：主動+被動節能是趨勢
3)
此段以美國知名作家Stewart Brand四種爭議的趨勢為主軸，談人類是這地球真正的上帝，但人類卻沒做好自己上帝應該有的責任，闡述人類對地球造成多少影響。
4)
從住到行，姚仁祿老師以Zipcar的創辦人Robin Chase提到行的創新方式，透過手機衛星定位的方式，從買車到隨地可以租借到車的全新用車模式，帶出行不單只是汽車的改變，而是人類交通、用車習慣的一大改變。
5)
此段以三大重點談行的未來改變，新型交通號誌的問世；摹仿生物的小飛船交通工具，將可能是未來交通運輸的大改變；最後則是地圖從以前的平面、2D，甚至是3D，現在則可以利用全球網友的照片，建立起龐大的圖資地圖，甚至可以即時看見想找尋的地點情況。
未來健康的想像
未來健康的想像
【未來健康的想像】在聽說自己是「國家未來的主人翁」的時候，相信每個人都以為未來就如同童話故事般地美好，然而卻在長大了之後，才發現，未來並不是這麼單純。
在《香草的天空 》一片中，我們可以看到面對生老病死，科技並不像魔法那像能讓人療傷止痛、起死回生，但是卻可延長治療的時間，也就是將人先給冰凍起來，待有解藥時，再解凍回到人世，因為人往往將現在無法做到的事，冀望於未來，個人的健康維護更是如此。
【未來健康的想像】 其他相關主題
‧ 沒有病床的未來世界
‧ 飛利浦讓你在家安養天命
‧ 預防醫學從基因下手
‧ 基因療法讓癌症不再是絕症
‧ 機器人取代人力醫護
‧ 日本RI-MAN 護理工作全都包
‧ 關鍵字：Telemedicine
【未來健康的想像】在聽說自己是「國家未來的主人翁」的時候，相信每個人都以為未來就如同童話故事般地美好，然而卻在長大了之後，才發現，未來並不是這麼單純。
在《香草的天空 》一片中，我們可以看到面對生老病死，科技並不像魔法那像能讓人療傷止痛、起死回生，但是卻可延長治療的時間，也就是將人先給冰凍起來，待有解藥時，再解凍回到人世，因為人往往將現在無法做到的事，冀望於未來，個人的健康維護更是如此。
【未來健康的想像】 其他相關主題
‧ 沒有病床的未來世界
‧ 飛利浦讓你在家安養天命
‧ 預防醫學從基因下手
‧ 基因療法讓癌症不再是絕症
‧ 機器人取代人力醫護
‧ 日本RI-MAN 護理工作全都包
‧ 關鍵字：Telemedicine
食物如何影響城市發展（中文）
食物如何影響城市發展（中文）
食物對城市的發展到底有多大？
醬油該怎麼沾？酸薑有什麼作用？什麼是壽司上桌的關鍵十秒?為什麼門口要擺一盤鹽？如何展現吃壽司的禮儀？品嚐壽司有許多「正確」的方法，你做對了嗎？
從小小的壽司，可以看到日本文化精緻的一面、武士道精神、甚至壽司師父熱血壽司魂的延伸。吃壽司可不只是一頓晚餐，更是師傅與顧客之間品味的對話。
忙碌的台灣人，做什麼都講求速度、效率，壽司、咖啡、牛排都可以速食外帶。忙碌之餘，讓我們偶爾花點心思，找家特色小店，細細品嚐料理內的靈魂，吃出屬於我們的台灣文化吧！
圖片來源：flickr's Chrischang
延伸閱讀：
壽司-維基百科
食物對城市的發展到底有多大？
醬油該怎麼沾？酸薑有什麼作用？什麼是壽司上桌的關鍵十秒?為什麼門口要擺一盤鹽？如何展現吃壽司的禮儀？品嚐壽司有許多「正確」的方法，你做對了嗎？
從小小的壽司，可以看到日本文化精緻的一面、武士道精神、甚至壽司師父熱血壽司魂的延伸。吃壽司可不只是一頓晚餐，更是師傅與顧客之間品味的對話。
忙碌的台灣人，做什麼都講求速度、效率，壽司、咖啡、牛排都可以速食外帶。忙碌之餘，讓我們偶爾花點心思，找家特色小店，細細品嚐料理內的靈魂，吃出屬於我們的台灣文化吧！
圖片來源：flickr's Chrischang
延伸閱讀：
壽司-維基百科
食物如何影響城市發展（中文）
食物如何影響城市發展（中文）
食物對城市的發展到底有多大？
英國建築師與Hungry City一書的學者作家Carolyn Steel以「食物」做為媒介，解讀城市的運做，以「倫敦」為例，每天有三千餐要被餵食，這些食物從何而來？古代的糧食軌跡，又如何形成現代的都市？以食物為例，介紹從古至今，食物如何影響城市擴張的發展，並說明食物與地球生態的重大變化。中文譯者： Wang-Ju Tsai ，影片來源：TED.COM
食物對城市的發展到底有多大？
英國建築師與Hungry City一書的學者作家Carolyn Steel以「食物」做為媒介，解讀城市的運做，以「倫敦」為例，每天有三千餐要被餵食，這些食物從何而來？古代的糧食軌跡，又如何形成現代的都市？以食物為例，介紹從古至今，食物如何影響城市擴張的發展，並說明食物與地球生態的重大變化。中文譯者： Wang-Ju Tsai ，影片來源：TED.COM
女修道院是藝術的搖籃
女修道院是藝術的搖籃
http://dxmonline.com/article/557133194/
讓古建築成為居民生活的一部份，就是共生的方法之一。
【楓雅報導】
The Abbotsford Convent是澳洲最壯觀的天主教修道院，其歷史、風景和建築都具有非凡的價值，因為她是墨爾本唯一將十九世紀鄉村地理環境保存得最完整的地方。
週末，墨爾本的居民喜歡在修道院的舊廚房所在地，享用現烤的麵包或派餅(影片2)；接著帶小朋友到鄰近的「兒童農場」(Children's Farm)去看看牛羊馬兒、抱抱天竺鼠，悠閒地過一天。看見青少年來當義工，整理菜圃花園，讓人感受到這塊綠地被深深地愛護著；不分年齡。
看見這個女修道院，也看見了在古蹟上歷史與現代共生的另一種樣貌；舊的外殼，注入新的內涵，既是傳承也是共創。
延伸連結＆圖片來源：
．The Abbotsford Convent
延伸閱讀：
．現代建築淘汰論
．倫敦最華麗的煙囪
．建築帶領鄉鎮再造
In the fall of 2007, VBS went to Linfen, China to look at the worlds most polluted city. Go to VBS.TV for more.
In the fall of 2007, VBS went to Linfen, China to look at the worlds most polluted city. Go to VBS.TV for more.
CNN's Eileen Hsieh recaps Israel's assault on Gaza-bound flotilla, UK's shooting rampage and the mock mission to Mars.
CNN's Eileen Hsieh recaps Israel's assault on Gaza-bound flotilla, UK's shooting rampage and the mock mission to Mars.
Are We Too Stupid To Understand And Communicate With Aliens If They Exist?
This is Neil deGrasse Tyson, sort of a current day Carl Sagan.
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